该用户从未签到
|
在文章的浏览(即略读,skimming)过程中,对文中信息重要性的判断可以帮助读者快速有效地了解段落的大意。在浏览过程中,读者可以通过寻找“信号词”来区分重要信息和非重要信息。诚信学习网为大家收集整理了在阅读过程中常见的几类“信号词”,希望对提高大家的阅读有所帮助!
7 _7 z) b8 p, V 1. 以下词组提示下文所涉及的重要信息:) Z3 w1 U! E2 } a" I( `" f
9 y8 P2 v% Y* C) x7 p% c! m6 l The main / important point / conclusion / reason…。2 g0 X- ? m! k7 B7 g) G R
, `8 h# B4 e3 D) ?* r
The point to note here…
7 V& `2 e& ^) S1 _# s: c
" g2 u$ r3 P( U! A; @ 2. 以下词组提示了下文的结构框架:
0 n0 ~6 j% B! D3 F. m9 ~5 G" r: W% V; a- s% L- G6 G1 d" ^, y
There are three major reasons…
4 O& }6 ?# x6 Z2 q& w' q' a. f8 [: F9 G4 b8 j9 Z, x
3. but 和 however表示对比,常常用来提示重要信息,例如:" h" n/ h; I8 u7 k- F3 l
" }% Z! v: c2 E3 ~
The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the death rate。% L% V `) f# g, M) o6 c
' W/ B, i: G; Z
4. 在文中提问可以突出问题后的答案,提示读者答案中有重要信息,例如:
$ s& |; k% a4 E2 I; A
8 J9 `: \: l& E4 k" p- ~- ] Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood。
J$ K1 s, K; t
$ G# `1 G) x$ j) C$ Y% ~( { 5. 有时,为了保证读者完全理解自己的观点,作者会在文中反复提出自己的观点,例如:, z2 L: H( G$ c
8 V5 U' o, r! @6 J/ Y' @
Death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else changing。* w: a, J* {9 N8 B( D& P2 J/ z
" ]0 c. m( `( ` n( K" _
6. 文章的结论通常是非常重要的,因此,读者要在文中寻找提示结论的“信号词”,例如:. s# l9 A& y: x
- j, ^" }9 ]& n* W
Therefore/the result9 b& B- ~* P- t' k( K; u* d
! S) b: l) O9 h& K In conclusion/we can conclude
0 g# |3 b# |; v5 `' b8 i+ V L Z( r8 G; A9 J9 f
One of the primary conclusions( f& d6 o; G# `/ o* M Z
. ?6 C5 a: ~$ @ 7. 举例是为了帮助读者理解某一个观点,因此,文中的例子不是浏览文章时的重要信息。在阅读过程中,以下词组提示读者下文是举例部分信息。
; K. I3 `# ^* j1 B, @9 t6 l; o# ^/ Y: y9 Q# K
For example/instancelike6 S6 o$ W, K- Z7 }* l* @
; c; ?3 ?$ v$ M$ b- v& Z" T
Such as these include
) y6 a. Z6 @4 [# f- r% l9 G. P! U4 S$ x- [2 m( i( t. c L
To illustrate among these are
' h9 Q' d" I* x, M# n4 s- B+ A/ U/ a, o( x
有时,作者也会用破折号或括号来提示举例信息,例如:; h4 j$ N9 ^4 e2 x
! x" p( ? \! F; }) ^
The developing countries are dependent on cash crops – sugar, coffee, cacao, cotton。/ V: O+ F& J5 X3 P6 v
9 X) E; ^! u" v8 k" M0 N9 Z
Precipitating/violent/unexpected factors are those which reduce the food supply (droughts, floods, wars, epidemics)…
$ O5 }6 E$ T* U9 T. O D$ t3 q, A- D! `7 U+ M! r# ^$ F
在段落浏览时,读者在看到信号词后,应不断对下文信息作出相应的判断,例如:
: x0 O, I( q1 A' H/ L' R. B* I6 {5 _0 X4 b6 W2 P' Z2 l$ C, t8 a9 `
The main reason for (提示:下文信息重要) the reduction in the death rate in the developing world has been improved public health measures. For example, (提示:下文信息不重要,仅仅是为了用来证明前面的观点) in Sri Lanka the death rate was halved over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria。8 C4 s( L2 {. M* ]# a
# D; i7 h/ R) s- \ Why (提示:问题的答案中有读者应该关注的重点) is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the birth rate? One answer (提示:这只是众多答案中的一种,并不是最重要的。) is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point (提示:but后面的是非常重要的信息). For birth control programmes to be successful, a change in attitude is required, whereas death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, (提示:这里是作者想要强调的重要信息) the death rate can be cut without anything else changing。, H! n7 o% W& l1 L
$ r, ?2 m6 ]; t+ R% G |
|