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不定式作状语是高考语法重点,暑假班英语特级教师张老师给出详细解析。
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t, l* |: e" _% z He sat down to have a rest. (表目的): @* \ C' U7 ^' L2 E0 c
3 K& a, h* s' ?6 x* q% ]2 d1 L6 ? They went there to visit their teacher.
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$ T/ T( ^) e' a6 H ] 他们去那里拜访老师。(表目的)
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' {7 Y# F* Q5 x3 U4 R& b8 l He woke up only / just to find everybody gone.
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, l, s6 M' k/ t. @$ V) _8 g% P: s 他醒来发现大家都走了。(表示结果) m8 b, Z9 d/ W8 S# n- F
) ]& U( Q( T6 u! R My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China.
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9 k( J1 w1 f( Z, [8 N3 U1 k 我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。(表示结果)( E7 R( F, {# l) e& \: g
8 Q* U& K( F9 n 在某些形容词作表语,表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如:
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3 j! m* Z. T& q I am very glad to see you. 我非常高兴地见到你。9 v1 [& [1 o8 E, ?( m1 y O
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I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。
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. L9 I4 G; z( o7 Z& H 在带有enough 或too的句子里,也常用不定式作状语,表示程度。如:
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He was too excited not to say a few words.3 L$ l; z0 T( e' n
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他太激动了,不会不讲几句话的。
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He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。7 F$ P2 ~( O" B
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She is too tired to do the job. 她太累而不能做那件工作了。
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+ l& U) A: ^. o- B7 a 注意:强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to (为了) 或so as to (以便) + 动词原形。so as to 不用于句首。! m, V+ ] k, m
. Z3 q H( a+ M( P' f7 I He got up early in order to catch the first bus.( F: M" r6 O0 X1 ]( w! ?
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他早起为了赶上第一班车。
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% {7 V d; O, Q B7 ]* ^$ E The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.
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汽车停下来以便接纳乘客。' j; G! a; t+ I0 l2 b6 p& _( W1 ~
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To look at him, you would like him. (表条件)$ t& P/ ?, H1 }% c. k0 g Q
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To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me.
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To be honest, I know nothing about it. (修饰全句,独立成分)
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